Arctic security in an age of climate change pdf

A wide range of other observations such as reduced arctic sea ice extent and increased. Wwf has been working in the arctic for a long time, for more than 15 years. Arctic thawing, climate change, greenhouse gases, military, military installations, natural disaster, national. National security agencies of four major powersthe united states, russia, china, and the united.

According to the intergovernmental panel on climate change, warming in the arctic, as indicated by daily maximum and minimum temperatures, has been as great as in any other part of the world. The total area covered by ice increases through the. How climate change threatens security asp american. We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. In the arctic ocean, the area covered by sea ice grows and shrinks over the course of the year. The arctic is located at the northernmost part of our planet. These include subsaharan africa, south asia, the middle east, latin america, the east asiapacific, and the arctic. Arctic security in an age of climate change edited by james. Other features of the site include daily arctic imagery, maps, charts, and articles.

Earths average surface air temperature has increased by about 0. The arctic is warming at a rate of almost twice the global average. Climate change poses growing threat of arctic conflict. In light of climate change and melting ice in the arctic ocean, canada, russia, denmark greenland, norway, and the united states, as well as iceland, sweden, and finland, are grappling with an emerging arctic security paradigm. Its research has shown how americas military, and militaries around the world are taking the threat seriously. Arctic security in an age of climate change edited by james kraska. Theorizing and broadening arctic securitytowards the. Evidence of the age of arctic sea ice suggests that fewer patches of ice are persisting for multiple years i. The arctic sea is a significant expanse for american security and has repeatedly been underresourced by the department of defense dod. But arctic peoples also emphasize that they intend to adapt to climate change if at all possible. Impacts of climate change on military and defense, including military infrastructure, force. In its most recent assessment of global climate change, the u.

We must all take what action we can to slow the pace of climate change, while there is still time. Wattcloutier, who has worked to raise awareness of the impact of climate change on arctic people, was nominated for the 2007 nobel peace prize. Two regions on earth are showing much more rapid climate change than the rest of the worldthe western peninsula of antarctica and the arctic. It examines and discusses changes in the security premises of the arctic states, from traditional security to environmental and human security. By 2005 all arctic governments and many others had come to officially accept that climate change was melting the arctic ice cover, which meant that the arctic was becoming more accessible to both the arctic states and to the international community. Climate change climatechangemarch 30, 2017 0 a new study is one of the first in the world to show that tree trunks in upland forests actually emit methane rather than. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. The vast geographic distribution of these facilities, their often advanced age. Pdf arctic security in an age of climate change edited by james. It became clear that while much suspicion remains regarding the motivations of the national. Distribution and trends in arctic sea ice age through spring 2011. The changes will also reach far beyond the arctic, affecting global climate, sea level, biodiversity, and many aspects of social and economic systems.

May 08, 2017 secretary of defense james mattis has said that the effects of a changing climate such as increased maritime access to the arctic, rising sea levels, desertification, among others. The american security project is a leading organization studying how climate change threatens national security. Climate change and global security american security project. Military cooperation and enhanced arctic security in the context of. Climate change and social inequality 1 introduction inequality has been a persistent issue in the climate change discussion.

Climate change and social inequality united nations. Threat of climate change and its meaning for security. Dec 20, 2017 the navy established task force climate change tfcc in 2009 in response to changing conditions in the arctic and other regions due to climate change. Potential impacts of climate change on food systems and food security, and possible adaptive responses 14 table 2. For policymakers and analysts alike, the contemporary arctic presents a particularly acute convergence of compelling problems and opportunities related to global security, foreign affairs, climate change, environmentalism, international law, energy economics, and the rights of indigenous populations.

Climatechange science will continue to help society make. Nov 28, 2017 at the unesco indigenous peoples and climate change conference in paris ahead of cop 21, gunnbritt retter, a norwegian sami leader and head of the sami councils arctic and environment unit, discussed with me norways renewable energy schemes. Like arctic sea ice, antarctic sea ice affects global climate, regional climate, and ecosystems. Each fall, as less sunlight reaches the arctic and air temperatures begin to drop, additional sea ice forms. Climate change and arctic security searching for a paradigm. Testimony on the impacts of climate change in the arctic 11 jean lemire, emissary for climate change, northern and arctic affairs, government of quebec climate change, food security and nutrition. Climate change is happening now the effects of climate changeextreme weather, droughts, wildfires, sea level rise, flooding, and warming polar oceanspresent ever. Pdf arctic security in an age of climate change edited by.

The arctic consists of the arctic ocean and parts of canada, russia, the usa, greenland, norway, finland, sweden and iceland. How climate change threatens security asp american security. A variety of research projects are being undertaken to help determine additional climatechange effects on refuge wildlife species and their habitats. Arctic security in an age of climate change pdf free download. Climate change is already causing noticeable impact to arctic environment, which may contribute to further.

And within a few years at most the world is likely to experience cropdestroying extreme weather events. Degradation of the permafrost can result in drainage of ponds. Though climate change will have global implications, there are specific hotzones that national security planners should focus on. We try to explain to people that the arctic is the first sign of climate change. Arctic security in an age of climate change edited by james kraska july 2011 skip to main content we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Climate change, the periodic modification of earths climate caused by changes in the atmosphere and interactions between the atmosphere and various other geologic, chemical, biological, and geographic factors. Naval war college and foreign policy research institute. It examines and discusses changes in the security premises of the arctic states. We try to bring the message about whats happening in the arctic to the world. Climate change and international security climate change has been on the international agenda as an environmental issue since the early 1990s. Arctic environmental security should receive priority attention as the key regional security issue. They provide an early indication for the rest of the world of the significance of climate change. Governing environmental security in the arctic trepo.

Food security and nutrition in the age of climate change. Climate change is having a direct impact on the people that live in the arctic, as well as other societies around the world. Arctic security in an age of climate change edited by. Sub hamburg a563963 arctic security in an age of climate change edited by james kraska u. Arctic climate change and security policy conference. Arctic sovereignty and security in a climatechanging world. Because ice is more reflective than liquid water, it plays a significant role in maintaining the earths energy balance and helping to keep polar regions cool. Secretary of defense james mattis has said that the effects of a changing climate such as increased maritime access to the arctic, rising sea levels, desertification, among others. Arctic climate change and security policy conference carnegie. Learn how climate has changed since the last ice age and throughout longer stretches of geologic time. Employment in agriculture as share of total employment, by. Much of the climate change in the arctic can be attributed to humans influences on the atmosphere, such as an increased greenhouse effect caused by the increase in co 2 due to the burning of fossil fuels. Monitoring climate changes and impacts refuge researchers, along with other agencies and scientists, are studying the impacts of global climate change within the arctic refuge.

It is axiomatic that climate change is affecting the arctic more than any other region. Arctic security in an age of climate change is an articulate, flowing and comprehensive commentary on the real and complex arctic state of play, and hence, a breath of fresh air into the academic debate one innovation of the book is that each chapter explores a particular national or global viewpoint. Without urgent action to cut greenhouse gas emissions, the world will continue to feel the effects of a warming arctic. It examines and discusses changes in the security premises of the arctic states, fr. Impacts of droughts on livestock numbers in selected african countries, 1981 to 1999 22 table 3. Arctic sovereignty and security in a climatechanging world 3 executive summary in may of this year, about 200 kilometres north of the arctic circle, representatives from the five coastal states of the arctic gathered in the small town of ilulissat, greenland to discuss the future of the north. The trend toward seasonally open waters is driving increased interest and investment in oil and gas exploration, shipping, and fishing in the arctic.

Climate change and water security with a focus on the arctic. Climate change and arctic security searching for a. In march, the united nations ipcc, in a landmark report, also warned that growing. The proportion of sea ice five years or older has declined dramatically over the recorded time period, from more than 30 percent of september ice in the. At worst this could be the end of the current interglacial period, also known as the holocene, and a resumption of the ice age.

The arctic is therefore a bellwether for how climate change may reshape geopolitics in the postcold war era. On average, the temperature on the earths surface has increased by 0. Scientists usually define the arctic as the area above the arctic circle an imaginary line that circles around the top of the globe. Indeed, both the congressionallymandated 2018 national climate assessment nca and united nations intergovernmental panel on climate change reports make clear that the window to take collective. Climate change and the arctic marine mammal commission. This is the first book to examine arctic defense policy and military security from the perspective of all eight arctic states. National academy of sciences concluded, a strong body of. Military cooperation and enhanced arctic security in the. The summer of 2010 had the thirdsmallest extent of polar ice on record, and the 2010 ice volume was the lowest on record. Without access to the sea and airspace that the freedom of the seas provides, the united states ability to maintain a forward presence and accomplish a range of military and humanitarian assistance missions will be compromised. Tfcc would go on to publish the navys 2009 arctic roadmap, which served as the key operating guide for the far north until the publication of a dodwide arctic roadmap in 2014.

This region has warmed at about twice the rate of the rest of. In light of climate change and melting ice in the arctic ocean, canada, russia, denmark greenland, norway, and the united states. In light of climate change and melting ice in the arctic ocean, canada, russia, denmark greenland, norway, and the united states, as well as iceland, sweden, and finland. In siberia and alaska, lakes in permafrost regions have undergone rapid change, some increasing in size and number, whereas others have decreased and in some instances disappeared. Mar 08, 2018 the truth is that global warming stopped in 1998. As enhanced arctic warming affects the jet stream, slowing its westtoeast winds and promoting larger northsouth meanders, the. Pdf arctic security in an age of climate change edited. Now, the arctic is a key climate change issue, so the work we do is global in fact. Arctic security in an age of climate change edited by james kraska july 2011. Climate change effects on water security in the arctic. Arctic security in an age of climate change researchgate. The pace of change in the arctic due to global climate conditions demands that greater attention be focused on the region, its needs and the issues surrounding its development over the near and intermediate term. Arctic sovereignty and security in a climate changing world 3 executive summary in may of this year, about 200 kilometres north of the arctic circle, representatives from the five coastal states of the arctic gathered in the small town of ilulissat, greenland to discuss the future of the north.

The impacts of climate change are being observed earlier in the arctic, and with more immediate and severe consequences, than in most of the rest of the world. Arctic security in an age of climate change 9781107006607. This book assesses the construction of security in the context of climate change, with a focus on the arctic region. Global security, climate change, and the arctic ideals. Download citation arctic security in an age of climate change this is the first book to examine arctic defense policy and military security from the perspective. Arctic security in an age of climate change pdf free.